Robiya Arslonova* Abstract This article analyzes the historical roadmap of global society from Universal Declaration of Human Rights to 4th phase of World Program for Human Rights Education with the aim of giving glimpse of future that awai...
Robiya Arslonova* Abstract This article analyzes the historical roadmap of global society from Universal Declaration of Human Rights to 4th phase of World Program for Human Rights Education with the aim of giving glimpse of future that awaits youth. It outlines actions being taken by Uzbekistan to become active participant of WPHRE and highlights the importance of the youth and youth related policies for global and national communities. Key words: Universal Declaration of Human Rights, United Nations, Youth, United Nations Youth Strategy, World Program for Human Rights Education, Uzbekistan, Human Rights Education. Аннотация Ушбу мақолада глобал жамиятнинг Инсон ҳуқуқлари умумжаҳон Декларациясидан бошлаб Инсон ҳуқуқлари таълими бўйича умумжаҳон Дастурининг 4 босқичига қадар бўлган тарихий йўл харитаси, бизнинг ёшларимиз ва бизни кутаётган келажак ҳақида маълумот бериш мақсадида таҳлил қилинади. У ИҲБУДнинг фаол иштирокчисига айланиш учун Ўзбекистон томонидан қилинаётган тадбирларни санаб ўтади ҳамда глобал ва миллий ҳамжамиятлар учун ёшлар ва ёшлар сиёсатининг муҳимлигини таъкидлайди. Калит сўзлар: Инсон ҳуқуқлари умумжаҳон Декларацияси, Бирлашган Миллатлар Ташкилоти, ёшлар, Бирлашган Миллатлар Ташкилотининг Ёшлар Стратегияси, Инсон ҳуқуқлари таълими бўйича умумжаҳон Дастури, Ўзбекистон, Инсон ҳуқуқлари бўйича таълим. Аннотация В этой статье анализируется история развтия образования от Всеобщей декларации прав человека до 4-го этапа Всемирной программы ООН по образованию в области прав человека с целью выявить основные тенденции этого процесса и ее влияние на молодежь. В нем изложены действия, предпринимаемые Узбекистаном, чтобы стать активным участником Всемирной программы, и подчеркивается важность политики в отношении молодежи для глобального и национального сообществ. Ключевые слова: Всеобщая декларация прав человека, ООН, Молодежь, Молодежная стратегия ООН, Всемирная программа образования в области прав человека, Узбекистан, образование в области прав человека. *** On February 19th of 1861 Czar Alexander II of ruling Russian monarchy abolished serfdom by issuing The Emancipation Reform[1]. The biggest problem ensuing from the reform was ignorance of freed people who did not know what to do with the newly obtained status. Russia would have to go through a string of other reforms and a revolution to restructure the society in the aftermath. In a slightly similar line of historical development, United Nations General Assembly adopted Universal Declaration of Human Rights on December 10th of 1948 in Paris[2]. Incomparable in scale, output and influence in the lives of global population, UDHR also levied the responsibility of breathing in the new atmosphere to people who managed to start and finish two world wars in half a century. To this day without educating the global population about the human rights, without letting human rights education to become as ubiquitous as general literacy, world risks of abandoning the lessons of two world wars. What is Human Rights Education? There is wisdom in deriving the core from constituents. Thus, revising one's understanding of Human Rights and Education separately will be of value when looking at the definition of Human Rights Education as a whole. Human Rights are fundamental, inalienable, universal, and egalitarian rights inherent to all human beings, regardless of race, sex, nationality, ethnicity, language, religion, or any other status[3]. They include, but not limited to such rights as right to life and liberty, freedom from slavery and torture, freedom of opinion and expression, right to work and education and many others. While most of these rights are straightforward to understand in their concept, some of them may seem alien in different parts of the world depending on level of development. For instance, the value of right to freedom of expression may not be fully understood in more authoritarian countries and the peoples of the regimes may seem ready to give up their freedom of expression for the feeling of security and peace. In poverty stricken countries, right to education and work and basic medical care may not be seen as basic human rights by ordinary citizens but as a privilege of the few wealthy. Another issue is understanding the characteristics of every human right and what makes human rights fundamental, inalienable, universal, and egalitarian. How to ensure that human rights are inalienable and universal? How to measure that human rights are being accorded to people based on egalitarian principles? This is where the role of education becomes apparent and definition is required. As it stands, education is act or process of imparting and/or developing knowledge, values, attitudes, skills, and competencies in one or multiple fields[4]. The role of education is finding the answers to two questions asked above. Elucidating the logical chain of thinking, Human Rights Education (HRE) is act or process of imparting or gaining the knowledge in the field of human rights and developing skills and competencies to exercise one's own human rights or competence to recognize and respect others human rights. In this regard, HRE allows realization of human rights of one people without diminishing the rights of another, i.e. without physical altercations that has accompanied so many fights against slavery. HRE “contributes to the prevention of violence and conflicts[5]” in the process of helping one group of people to realize that they are hindering the enjoyment of human rights of another group. In sum, HRE includes any learning, education, training or information efforts aimed at building a universal culture of human rights[6]. HRE Milestones HRE has been evolving since its inception along with modern notion of human rights in Universal Declaration of Human Rights. In legal terms, HRE is as old as UDHR. UDHR substantiates HRE in Article 26.2 by stating: "Education shall be directed to the full development of the human personality and to the...